Phoenix Adopts Middle Housing Ordinance

Key Points

  • Phoenix City Council voted to allow duplexes, triplexes, and fourplexes inside one mile of the downtown core, complying with state bill HB 2721.
  • The law requires every Arizona city over 75,000 residents to adopt similar zoning changes by year-end or lose certain zoning powers.
  • Historic districts (Willo, Encanto) mounted strong opposition, fearing loss of neighborhood character and long-term erosion of historic protections.
  • Developers are not rushing in—high land prices, teardown costs, permitting hurdles, and economic uncertainty make infill projects slow to materialize.
  • Even when built, these units likely won’t be low-income housing; instead, they function as “step-up” housing that frees up other homes in the supply chain.
  • Middle housing could increase nearby property values and create more attainable options near downtown—though residents next door may be frustrated.
  • HB 2721 protects historic districts with design review, size limits, and authority to delay projects up to one year.
  • Mayor Gallego noted the city’s hands are tied, but said lawmakers may try revising the law next session.

Why It Matters to Phoenix-Metro Investors

  • More allowed density near downtown supports long-term housing supply, aligning with free-market, pro-development principles.
  • Investors holding single-family homes in the core may see appreciation potential as density by-right increases.
  • BUT: infill development remains costly and slow—don’t expect rapid waves of plex construction.
  • Regulatory friction (design review, historic protections) reinforces the value of professional property management to navigate compliance.